Thursday, October 1, 2020

Thursday, April 30, 2020

Michael Hudson Tells the Truth, the Whole Truth About Economics

But nobody is listening....

https://www.nakedcapitalism.com/2020/04/finance-capitalism-vs-industrial-capitalism-how-financial-parasites-and-debt-bondage-are-destroying-us.html

It seemed to be working that way, leading up to World War I. But that war I came like a meteor, knocking the West’s economic development path out of orbit. The rentierclass, the landlords and predatory banking class, made a resurgence. Instead of the government reflecting the interests of industry and the people in the form of rising wages to produce a rising circular flow and demand for industrial products, a positive feedback between industrial production and labor, you had the financial rentiersector – what I call the FIRE sector, Finance, Insurance and Real Estate – hijack the economy and bring about the permanent depression that we’re in now.
This is my main point: We are in a permanent depression. There can be no recovery without wiping out the debt overhead (euphemized as “wealth”). As long as you leave the 1% with the lion’s share of wealth (creditor claims) and property ownership, the economy cannot recover. Without realizing that, there cannot be a class consciousness regarding today’s world.
Marx talked about the class consciousness of labor vis-a-vis its employers. That took place within the production and consumption sector. But today’s class consciousness of wage earners has to see that industrial companies have been turned into financial companies. They’ve been financialized. A relevant class consciousness must realize that it’s up to socialists to do what industrial capitalism failed to do – namely, to free society from the rentiersector, from the landlord class, the monopolists and financial creditor class. Without freeing society from them, you’re going to have a neofeudal economy. As Rosa Luxemburg said, it’s either socialism or barbarism. Barbarism is a permanent depression. All the classical economists warned against the landlord class, banks and the monopolists continuing to run society into the ground.
Jim Vrettos: The state has become a functionary of the financial sector. It hasn’t withered away in the sense as Marx would have thought.
Michael Hudson: It has not evolved in the way he anticipated. Marx thought that at least the state might be for state capitalism. He worried it would go hand in hand with heavy industry and squeeze labor. The question was, would a state capitalism see its interest in supporting labor’s living standards or not? But as it turns out, the financial sector is much more brutal than the industrial sector that Marx envisioned as evolving toward socialism. Finance conquers the entire economy, industry along with labor
Jim Vrettos: We’re about out of time, but I have to ask, are there any examples that you can maybe point to – Denmark, Finland or anything that we can point to as a model that might be something we could emulate to a certain extent?
Michael Hudson: Certainly a social democracy helps, and Denmark and Finland never let themselves be financialized in the first place. They never let the 1% grab the control of the economy to the extent that has occurred in the United States and much of Europe. So the problem is, how do you get rid of a parasitic blister on society? That can only be done by cutting off the blister. Denmark and Finland have not had to deal with this problem, because they’ve remained more balanced.
What do you do when society has lost its balance? You have to think about structural reform. That’s radical by definition. Structural reform is called an externality – exogenous, extraneous to what economists talk about. If you’re talking about where the economy should go, mainstream economists are talking in a narrow policy tunnel that means “Be passive and do nothing, be quiet like a frog boiling in water.”
More insight by Hudson;

https://www.nakedcapitalism.com/2020/04/max-blumenthal-and-ben-norton-with-michael-hudson-how-the-us-makes-countries-pay-for-its-wars-economics-of-american-imperialism.html

Thursday, April 16, 2020

NWX2 Designated Foresland tax avoidance

Last?
Special interest gain at public expense is an issue that divides Bend. It extends to Deschutes County and State level. Political influence of a few at the expense of many is becoming more self evident and obviously controversial. All politics is local. If we can expose and resolve problems starting in Bend it begins long overdue  house cleaning going all the way up to Salem.

Political dealings are as murky as the smoke we too often see in in the distance rising from our treasured forestland. Facts of the fire beneath are facts.. Data driven facts put and end to the fire and the smoke.

Bend grew on the economy of harvesting timber and milling it. It was in the public benefit and interest then to have a low property tax on cheap forestland.  
https://www.oregon.gov/DOR/programs/property/Pages/timber-forestland-tax.aspx 

Fact: The official 2018-19 Special Assessment for All Designated Forestland in Eastern Oregon established by the Dept. of Revenue is $79.38 per acre. The intent of that low taxable assessed property value is to protect Forestland from urban growth encroachment and preserve our natural environment. 

Self evident empirical based fact: Tax policy stimulating economic growth is a good thing. It returns an equal or greater public economic and social benefit. It is applied today as Enterprise Zones. Money flowed into Bend in the past as milled lumber shipped out perhaps to tax advantage incentives. . Now money flows into Bend for investment in a new broadly based economic engine employing workers in Bend. The Old Mill is in a different business and adjacent properties a community recreation asset.

Fact: 71 acres of Designated Forestland with a taxable assessment value of $79.38 per acre within Bend city limits.   Legislative intent of this Special Assessment is to protect Forestland from Urban encroachment. There are Dept of Forestry resource management link as well.  Deschutes County Assessor public records value these 71 acres in Bend as follows:

https://foundercividata.blogspot.com/2018/11/71-acres-forestland-in-city-of-bend.html

Maximum Specially Assessed Value: $6,295
Specially Assessed Value (Measure 5): $10,309
Taxable Assessed Value: $6,293
Real Market Value: $12,721,970
Estimated tax due @ nominal $15 per thousand: $94.39
71 acres X 79.38 per acre = $5,635.98 Taxable Value 

Where are these taxlots in Bend having Designated Forestland that total 71 acres?
Fact: Deschutes County DIAL has all the public data to find them. It was not easy to find them until one property related to a cluster area.

Beyond Bend city limits the same Special Assessed Designated Forestland taxable rate per acre (Eastern Oregon) $79.38 applies to all Designated Forestland in Deschutes County. Table 2a SAL Report.
Facts:
Deschutes County has 3,545 acres of Designated Forestland ( Highest and Best Use is another category)
RMV: $61,755,130
TAV: $235,799
Total Tax: (est) $3,537

One summarized example half of the 71 acres that have been examined in detail.
3 contiguous taxlots, same owner.  
$2.6 million RMV 
About $100 property tax 

Example of Designated Forestland property outside Bend on Skyline Road
NWX2:
https://dial.deschutes.org/results/general?value=nwx2&x=0&y=0&m=0

Single taxlot example:
NWX2 LLC 
Small Tract Forestland Acres 36.67
Taxlot Account Summary. https://dial.deschutes.org/Real/Index/269905  
Map View: https://dial.deschutes.org/Real/InteractiveMap/269905 
Zoning Map View https://dial.deschutes.org/Real/ZoningMap/269905
RMV: $1,112,350
AV: $550
Property Tax $79.35
Tax History: https://dial.deschutes.org/Real/TaxInformation/269905
2018-19 Tax Statement: 
SCHOOL DISTRICT #1         2.62 
HIGH DESERT ESD              0.05 
C O C C                                  .34 
EDUCATION TOTAL:                                                   3.01 

DESCHUTES COUNTY        0.67 
COUNTY LIBRARY               0.30
COUNTYWIDE LAW ENFORCEMENT 0.59 
RURAL LAW ENFORCEMENT 0.74 
COUNTY EXTENSION/4H 0.01 
9-1-1 0.20 
BEND METRO PARK & RECREATION 0.80
GENERAL GOVT TOTAL:                                          3.31 

DEPT OF FORESTRY FIRE PATROL 71.83  Not a tax but a fee collected by the county assessor
BEND METRO PARK AND REC BOND  0.09 
SCHOOL #1 BOND 2007                       0.40 
SCHOOL #1 BOND 2013                       0.39 
SCHOOL #1 BOND 2017                       0.26 
C O C C BOND                                       0.06 
BONDS - OTHER TOTAL:                                    73.03 

Total Revenue distributed for public services:                $79.35 - $71.83 = $8.52

Application for Designated Forestland Special Assessment:
https://www.oregon.gov/DOR/forms/FormsPubs/application-designation-land-forestland_309-024.pdf
Every Designated Forestland Special Assessment is based upon an approved application for the intent of commercial timber harvest.

Property view: Map View: https://dial.deschutes.org/Real/InteractiveMap/269905 
Can you see the forest of special interest for the trees?

Just the facts but they have a history of my research and submission to city and county officials for their attention over several years.  

I have military information systems management and analysis experience background.  In that role the only special interest was the defense of our nation.  The role of leadership, responsibility, performance and accountability was clearly defined and assigned.

As a citizen I expect the same level of performance from our elected officials and the administration of policy and law in the more difficult framework of public service for the common good.  That is an extremely demanding duty and responsibility to serve the public interest.  Especially when those among the public have a special interest that they intend to serve first and the position and power for head of the line privilege. 

I am gratified to see that responsible citizens are looking at situations that must be corrected.  I have found support from those that understand and support what I have been researching.  They are in some instances in positions of knowledge but also risk.

I was compelled to offer my research to responsible stakeholder officials for resolution.  That has failed. 

I applaud and support investigative journalism.  The Secretary of State has admonished state level agencies for lack of performance audit audit investigations.  When the situation is that bad it is pathetic.

final final

Political influence of special interest agenda at public expense is as murky as the smoke we too often see in in the distance rising from our treasured forestland.  Public facts contained in the Deschutes County Assessor DIAL website expose the the truth of many issues for examination. 

The official 2018-19 Special Assessment for All Designated Forestland in Eastern Oregon established by the Dept. of Revenue is $79.38 per acre. The intent of that low taxable assessed property value is to protect Forestland from urban growth encroachment and preserve our natural environment. 

There are 71 acres of Designated Forestland within Bend city limits. Legislative intent of this Special Assessment is to protect Forestland from urban encroachment. 

Maximum Specially Assessed Value: $6,295
Specially Assessed Value (Measure 5): $10,309
Taxable Assessed Value: $6,293
Real Market Value: $12,721,970
Estimated tax due @ nominal $15 per thousand: $94.39
71 acres X 79.38 per acre = $5,635.98 Taxable Value 

Bend  revenue stakeholder recipient of property tax paid by on City Taxlots

The public benefit of this Special Assessment that was not intended by legislation  should be examined.  For almost two years it has been brought to the attention of public officials with no action results.




Beyond Bend city limits the same Special Assessed Designated Forestland taxable rate per acre applies to all Designated Forestland in Deschutes County. Assessor Table 2a SAL Report. Deschutes County has 3,545 acres of Designated Forestland having a Taxable Assessed Value of $79.38 per acre.

RMV: $61,755,130
TAV: $235,799
Total Tax: (est) $3,537
Much of this acreage is planned for development on the west side of Bend.


Example of Designated Forestland county property outside Bend on Skyline Road
NWX2:
https://dial.deschutes.org/results/general?value=nwx2&x=0&y=0&m=0

Single taxlot example:
NWX2 LLC 
Small Tract Forestland Acres 36.67
Taxlot Account Summary. https://dial.deschutes.org/Real/Index/269905  
Map View: https://dial.deschutes.org/Real/InteractiveMap/269905 
Zoning Map View https://dial.deschutes.org/Real/ZoningMap/269905
RMV: $1,112,350
AV: $550
Property Tax $79.35
Tax History: https://dial.deschutes.org/Real/TaxInformation/269905
2018-19 Tax Statement: 
SCHOOL DISTRICT #1         2.62 
HIGH DESERT ESD              0.05 
C O C C                                  .34 
EDUCATION TOTAL:                                                   3.01 

DESCHUTES COUNTY        0.67 
COUNTY LIBRARY               0.30
COUNTYWIDE LAW ENFORCEMENT 0.59 
RURAL LAW ENFORCEMENT 0.74 
COUNTY EXTENSION/4H 0.01 
9-1-1 0.20 
BEND METRO PARK & RECREATION 0.80
GENERAL GOVT TOTAL:                                          3.31 

DEPT OF FORESTRY FIRE PATROL 71.83  Not a tax but a fee collected by the county assessor
BEND METRO PARK AND REC BOND  0.09 
SCHOOL #1 BOND 2007                       0.40 
SCHOOL #1 BOND 2013                       0.39 
SCHOOL #1 BOND 2017                       0.26 
C O C C BOND                                       0.06 
BONDS - OTHER TOTAL:                                    73.03 

Total Revenue distributed for public services:                $79.35 - $71.83 = $8.52

Application for Designated Forestland Special Assessment:
https://www.oregon.gov/DOR/forms/FormsPubs/application-designation-land-forestland_309-024.pdf
Every Designated Forestland Special Assessment is based upon an approved application for the intent of commercial timber harvest.

Property view: Map View: https://dial.deschutes.org/Real/InteractiveMap/269905 
Can you see the forest of special interest for the trees?

Just the facts but they have a history of my research and submission to city and county officials for their attention over several years.  

I have military information systems management and analysis experience background.  In that role the only special interest was the defense of our nation.  The role of leadership, responsibility, performance and accountability was clearly defined and assigned.

As a citizen I expect the same level of performance from our elected officials and the administration of policy and law in the more difficult framework of public service for the common good.  That is an extremely demanding duty and responsibility to serve the public interest.  Especially when those among the public have a special interest that they intend to serve first and the position and power for head of the line privilege. 

I am gratified to see that responsible citizens are looking at situations that must be corrected.  I have found support from those that understand and support what I have been researching.  They are in some instances in positions of knowledge but also risk.

I was compelled to offer my research to responsible stakeholder officials for resolution.  That has failed. 

I applaud and support investigative journalism.  The Secretary of State has admonished state level agencies for lack of performance audit audit investigations.  When the situation is that bad it is pathetic.

If this is the truth then it is fit to print and more will follow.

I invite comments or corrections to this information.  I truly regret that it has been necessary to go to this extent.  It should have been resolved long before this point.  

Sunday, April 5, 2020

Captain Crozier - I salute you

Asia Times tells the best of the story.......


https://asiatimes.com/2020/04/us-aircraft-carrier-should-never-have-been-sent-to-vietnam/

https://ktvz.com/news/national-world/2020/04/05/commander-of-aircraft-carrier-hit-by-coronavirus-removed-for-poor-judgment-after-sounding-alarm/

He has tested positive for the virus.

https://www.cnn.com/2020/04/03/politics/uss-theodore-roosevelt-aircraft-carrier-captain-send-off/index.html


https://www.strategic-culture.org/news/2020/04/05/captain-crozier-was-right-and-his-sailors-knew-it/


Too stupid?
https://www.cnn.com/2020/04/06/politics/uss-tr-crozier-modly/index.html
Stupid is sending the ship into Danang for a civic action PR port visit.  Where did the onboard cases of virus come from?  How did Captain Crozier get the virus?
"Modly's use of the word "betrayal" is a loaded because saying an officer has betrayed the Navy is a court martial offense.
A defense official familiar with Modly's remarks offered his opinion of Modly's address, saying the acting secretary "should be fired. I don't know how he survives this day."
As of Monday, 173 of the ship's crew have now tested positive for coronavirus and 61% of the crew have been tested, according to a Navy official. Approximately 2,000 have been evacuated from the ship and moved ashore."

full audio of acting SecNav shipboard dress over the 1MC here:
https://taskandpurpose.com/news/navy-secretary-blasts-fired-aircraft-carrier-captain

https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-8192369/Acting-navy-secretary-trashes-coronavirus-aircraft-carriers-fired-captain-naive-stupid.html

Ever heard of praise in public, admonish in private.

Shameful on the part of acting SecNav.

Also shameful on the part of Biden to call it criminal.  There is a better word that does not imply legal course of action.

Is this the only ship of 350 that has a case of virus onboard.

What is Navy policy regarding onboard virus in the fleet?

https://arstechnica.com/science/2020/04/aircraft-carrier-captain-lost-his-command-because-of-catch-22-covid-19-dilemma/
"Meanwhile, President Trump has blamed Crozier for exposing his crew to COVID-19 by making a port visit in Vietnam—a port visit that, given the logistics and diplomacy connected to a visit by a nuclear-powered aircraft carrier, would need to have been directed at a fairly high level within the Department of Defense, in coordination with other parts of the Trump administration. And Crozier has now tested positive for COVID-19 himself."

Blame Crosier for the port visit to Vietnam?  Who in fact is to blame for this visit in time of Corona?
WTF?

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Modly

https://taskandpurpose.com/news/acting-navy-secretary-fired-roosevelt-captain-trump
Who is senior to whom here???????????  SecNav is a civilian. So is SecDef.
"Chief of Naval Operations Michael Gilday, along with Secretary of Defense Mark Esper and Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Gen. Mark Milley, had favored conducting an investigation, The Post reported on Sunday, but Modly chose to relieve the Roosevelt's captain immediately.

"I didn't want to get into a decision where the president would feel that he had to intervene because the Navy couldn't be decisive," Modly told The Post."

Mobly is a pure politician!

Conduct a UCMJ investigation!

"You can't handle the truth!"

https://dailycaller.com/2020/04/06/transcript-speech-thomas-modly-navy-brett-crozier-uss-theodore-roosevelt/
"An anonymous Navy officer familiar with the situation told the Daily Caller that commanders immediately began to try and keep Modly’s speech from getting out.

“And the CAG (carrier air wing commander, the guy in charge of the aircraft on the carrier, an O-6) sent an email to the entire crew after the SECNAV was done saying ‘in order to publish a speech you need that person’s explicit permission and you don’t have the secant’s permission to publish what he just said, so if you recorded what he just said delete it immediately,'” the Navy officer said.

“That’s totally not how publishing speeches work, but it’s clear they quickly realized how poorly the speech was received and are trying to suppress it.”

Too late for that!  SNAFU. Who is in charge here?

The smell of fear at the top level is increasing.  Good order and discipline!  40 lashes will continue until good order is restored!

https://dailycaller.com/2020/04/03/aircraft-carrier-navy-captain-fired-coronavirus-petition/

https://www.navytimes.com/opinion/2020/04/06/in-speaking-truth-to-power-captain-crozier-made-us-proud/

YES!
https://www.businessinsider.com/lawmakers-say-acting-navy-secretary-should-be-fired-or-resign-2020-4

Acting @SECNAV just issued an apology to the Navy for his comments today.
View image on Twitter



Monday, March 30, 2020

The Nature of Things

I went to Chrome History this morning and with a clean sheet of Browser I began to write what  Written on the Wall so

If you want to see what is written on the Wall ask Siri.

All I have to do is reduce the ambiguity of the above sentence to clarity as a function of Definition of Terms

And then the conceptual meaning of "Definition of Terms" when it is understood becomes DefinitionOfTerms =  "Definition of Terms"  =  Definition of Terms =

Creating a new Child of a Parent with its Inherited Attributes  and it tells me its name is and NameIs:DefinitionOfTerms:"DefinitionofTerms:

What is this Parent a ChildOf?

Who the Children of ChildOf?

Lineage?

Ancestry?

Who were our Ancestors and what dit they do?

Ancestors speak to us through Lineage like = BlockChain.

If your Parents did not have any children you can't have any either?

Sounds true to me in Faith and Reasoned Fact!

Reasoned Fact = ReasonedFact as a function of time to comprehend the time it takes to get from Reasoned Fact to ReasonedFact.

Time is Variable from Here to Eternity.

Here = Eternal Now in Space and Time.

I am not at this point Linking to DefinitionofTerms I am using because it is a BranchChain that I will come back to in the Future that becomes Past.

Always Forward!  The meaning of "AlwaysForward" is found in the hero of a Marvel Movie.

My Heroes have always Inspired Me.

I went to the Wall.

Then I went to what was WrittenonIt

A ParadigmShift is what is seeing WhatisWrittenonWall not as it is Written over LinearTime but AllatOnce Instanteously into the history of my links in life like the BigBang of Creation.

Creation is the OnlyWord that StandsAlone.

NoMan is an Island!

Looking at it from my recent comprehension of PresenceAbsence ?????

I have looked over the edge of PresenceAbsence and It StartedBack and back and said?

You Can't Get there from Here?

And we both laughed at ourselves?

Google History is a literally a real world TransactioninTime BlockChain documenting the lineage of ConceptualTruth to its CurrentState of Now.  The CurrenOwnerHolder is both EachofUs and AllofUs.

Yesterday I tried to explain (again) the meaning of Inspiration.  It's Value OnlyExists as a function of its BlockChain history and continues to have ValueAdded without diminishing its own value.  That is the foundation of a backward looking  DebtBasedSysem.  The Conceptual meta structure of the DebtFreeSystem is future oriented in the EternalNow.  That is what frees us from the RealBlockChainsofPast that puts PresentValue in OurPurse as a NowTokenofExchange as a function of its every single transaction the token value validated because it was only used in a transaction that ConceptualValue Exchange.

Truth is a BlockChain.  Every transaction in the BlockChain of time is token of exchange of real and conceptual value.

We hold Truth to be SelfEvident.

The presence of Truth functions to SetUsFree.

The transaction BlockChain of history branded down the absence of Truth at various points of time but most often down branches when the path of Truth had. sign this this Branch at the point of where to go from Now was WrittenonWall was "When you come to a branch take it"  and the choice is one of FuzzyLogic to take one path or the other we choose both because we are at the most granular level of Two split up and goes down the branch chain maintaining communication with each other to decide which chain is better to ultimately be the one that is best to follow.

The lesser of TwoEvils is a BranchBlockChain point in NowTime that goes down at a binary choice.  If the system is structured to dictate we go down one or the other then who the hell is in charge of naming the game we are playing?

As a child my oldest sister  sister teased me by saying:

"Would you rather be"........

SquabAlobAlinskiCorsicof
or
BeanBrain?

I did not want to be either one!

She said "But you must chose"

I said "I don't want to choose"

She said "You have to choose"

It became a Do Loop only Broken by a forced binary logic choice.

We are Framed if a System of Choice Frames the decision for us as a choice between the lesser of two evils.

My sister continued to tease me into a frustrated decision of "Bean Brain".

Until as a child I learned that I didn't have to make a choice she demanded.

I called her the "Big Tease" and walked away.

Later I teased her back by calling her a name of my choice rather than choosing between the choice she demanded of me:

I called Mardell:  "The Big Cheese".

Maybe I was about 10 at that time when I escaped the torment of  demanded binary choice.  It became a family joke.

Mardell is still the "Big Cheese".

I love her dearly.

She is now 85.

I think that the last thing we will laugh at together will only be the bottom line punchline of our loving relationship between a BigCheese and a BeanBrain.

What I learned at the age 9 or 10 to avoid a dictated choice of my 10 years older sister "Big Cheese" who became my hero "Airline Stewardess" was perhaps a branch point in time that I refused to take a path that forced a choice of the less desirable alternatives.

The BlockChain path of my life and choice of binary branch to follow becomes clear in a a recent series of Paradigm Shifts that have exhausted me like an Ironman race.

Meaning falls into place the  closer I get to end at the left turn off Alihi.  From that turn  to go around the last couple blocks ahead to the finish with the big F.   Truth joins the nature of our existence in a real natural world to the human conceptual world.

Truth does a world of things.  This blog is all about the duality of what a Thing is and What a Thing Does.  To know that goes beyond Knowledge to Wisdom.

Wisdom?

What it is?

The point where binary is reduced to single recursive unity of relationship of a thing unto its own self in the absence beyond the duality of Time and Space where the question of which came first the Chicken or Egg is answered.

Both

Theories of future progression have in retrospect driven our course of human history.

In hindsight we abandoned choices that

our human conceptual relationship between our real world and our the and all of those in my life inspired me not only to challenge the test of endurance and success on a real course that other heroes on my life had traveled that always was one in the same as a conceptual















sos.oregon.gov

sos.oregon.gov

https://sos.oregon.gov/archives/records/county/Pages/deschutes-inventory.aspx

Winchester

The family of General James Winchester
beginning with the father William Winchester
(with additional notes on the Sumner County families of House and Belote)
Part One

Compiled by Karel L. (Kinney) Whyte
Copyright 1989, Revised 1997, Reprinted with permission
kjwhyte@earthlink.net
This is a portion of the expanded and corrected revision of the Winchester genealogy compiled in the 1930's by Col and Mrs Louis Farrell of Nashville, TN. This revision was accomplished with permission of Mr Louis Farrell and Col Norman Farrell, sons of Col and Mrs Louis Farrell.

William Winchester, father of GENERAL JAMES WINCHESTER of Sumner Co, TN, was a descendant of the Winchesters of London and Kent, England. Descendant and historian Emma Shelton has researched Williams early life and states that he was born in the part of London known as Westminster, 22 December 1711, contrary to the cemetery marker in Westminster, MD, which states he was born in 1710. Ms Shelton further states that William was the son of James Winchester and his wife Jane, and was baptised 1 January 1712 "in the parish church of Saint Martin-in-the-Fields, Westminster, London." (NOTE: Emma Shelton's book, William Winchester, 1711 - 1790, can be obtained from The Historical Society of Carroll County, 210 East Main St, Westiminster, MD 21157.)
Ms Shelton located the indenture form (Corp of London Records Office, Indentured Servants Memoranda of Agreements, Box 2 (1727-1733), 1731, No 25A) which states that on 16 Jan 1730:
"William Winchester of ye parish of St. Martins in ye Fields in Middlesex did by indenture bearing the Date herewith, agree to serve Peter Simpson of London Victualer or his Assigns Five Years in Maryland (his Majesties plantation in America) and did thereby declare himself to be then of the Age of Nineteen Years, a single person, and no Covenant, or Contracted Servant to any other Person, or Persons. And the said Master did thereby Covenant at his own Cost, to send his said Servant to the said Plantation; and at the like Costs to find him all necessary Cloathes, Meat, Drink, Washing and Lodging, as other Servants in such Cases are usually provided for, and allowed.

Memorandum this 16th day of
January 1730 and the said William
Winchester came before me &
acknowledged the above Indtre
in my presence & by my
approbation William Winchester

Richd. Brocas (Mayor of London)"
William arrived at Annapolis, MD, 6 Mar 1731, on the ship Hume: Daniel Russell, master, William Black of London, owner. Within a few years of completion of his indenture, William had established himself as a farmer in Baltimore County. On 22 July 1747, he married LYDIA RICHARDS, born in Baltimore Co on the eastern shore of the Choptank River on 4 August 1727, daughter of EDWARD and MARY RICHARDS of Baltimore Co, MD.
Mary Richards was born Feb 1690 and died 20 Jan 1785. Edward Richards was born 10 Apr 1678, Manchester, England and died in 1755. He came to Baltimore Co, near Butler, and is said to be one of the Quaker founders of a community along the Patapsco-Conewago Road in Carroll County, later to be known as Hampstead, along with his son Benjamin Richards and Isaac Wright. Mary and Edwards children were Benjamin (m Ann Merryman, 50 acres laid out 5 Jan 1738 near Conewago Rd called "Spring Garden", in Mar 1750 moved his wife, 2 sons & 3 dau to Stanton River in VA), Richard (laid out Manchester, MD in 1790), Stephen, Daniel, Matthew, Anne (m a Morgan), Sarah (m a Phippin), Elizabeth (m a Semons), Rachael (m a Sice), Patience (m a Story), Lydia (m Wm Winchester), and Mary (m Christopher Vaughn who laid out Hampstead MD in 1786). Edward Richards died 22 Sep 1755, Baltimore Co, MD (will in Md Hall of Records, Annapolis). (NOTE: Carroll Co was formed from parts of Baltimore and Frederick Co's in 1837.)
On 19 Jul 1754, William purchased "White's Level", 167 acres located at the headwaters of Patapsco Falls and Little Pipe Creek in Frederick County, first granted to John White in 1733. It included the site of the present city of Westminster, MD. Although there is documentation of a dwelling at "White's Level" as early as 1741, it is believed the home as it is today was built about 1760, with a wing having been added about 1860. The house has been restored by TARGET, Inc, with assistance from the Marriot Corp and is operated today as the "Winchester Country Inn", a bed and breakfast. Another Winchester home, built ca 1806, located in Westminster and known as Winchester Place, was inherited by William's son David, who resided there with his sisters Lydia and Betsy. William Winchester had founded the town of Westminster in an area which now lies in Carroll County in 1764, calling its one street King Street and later renaming it Main Street. He was regarded as a man of wealth, greatly respected for his good sense and progressive spirit--of high intelligence and fine education. He helped build the town's first Church, a log building, open to all denominations, which stood near the old cemetery located at the end of Church Street.
William Winchester served as a member of Captain Norris' Company in the French and Indian War in 1757. He took an active part in the movements which led up to the Revolution. At a meeting of the inhabitants of Frederick Co, held at the courthouse on 13 Nov 1774, William was a member of a committee appointed to represent the county in carrying into execution the "Association" agreed upon by the Continental Congress. At a meeting of the people of Frederick Co, held on 24 January 1775, William was named on the "Committee of Observation" which was appointed from among the citizenry with power to carry into effect the "Resolves of the American Congress and the Provisional Convention", to raise the county's proportion of the amount ($10,000) appointed by the Provisional Government to be raised for the purchase of arms and ammunition. (For anyone interested in DAR membership, William Winchester is listed in the DAR Patriot Index, Centennial Edition, 1990, p3255, with "Patriotic Service, MD".)
William Winchester died 2 Sep 1790, at "White's Level", Carroll Co, MD (then Frederick Co); Lydia, his wife, died 19 Feb 1809. Both are buried alongside some of their children in the old cemetery at the end of Church Street near the site of the church which William had helped build.
JAMES WINCHESTER was the third child of William Winchester and Lydia Richards. He was b 5 Feb 1752 in Frederick Co (now Carroll Co), MD, and died on 27 Jul 1826 in Sumner Co, TN. He is buried at the family home, Cragfont, near Gallatin, TN. He married Susan Black.

Update on SUSAN BLACK, wife of GENERAL JAMES WINCHESTER:
For several years I have tried to find out more about Susan and her mother who was previously known only as "widow Black". While browsing a stack of lawsuits pertaining to the Winchester, Black and Gibson families of Sumner Co, I found a document which shows that Susan Black's given name was SUSANNAH BLACK. After her marriage to General James Winchester, she apparently shortened her name to Susan.

Prior histories stated that Susan had come to Sumner Co with her mother and brothers, George G. Black and John Black. It was believed that her mother had been married first to a Mr Gibson, and second to a Mr Black, and that by her first marriage she had three children - Roger, Rhoda, and Cynthia Gibson. However, I found a document in Sumner Co lawsuit #591, May 1854, which states that Roger Gibson was the "only son and heir of Jordan Gibson".

Jordan Gibson had come to Sumner Co in 1783 or 85. He was granted 640 acres by the state of NC on 17 Apr 1786, on the north side of Bledsoes Lick Creek. He was scalped by Indians and consequently died in 1787. Jordan left no will, but Roger Gibson, James Odom, and James Harrison requested the court divide Jordan's estate four ways. George Winchester was appointed one of the commissioners to divide the estate. Three of those four parts went to Roger Gibson, James Odom who had married Rhoda Gibson, and James Harrison who had married Cynthia Gibson. It is unknown who the fourth part was intended for, but it is now believed that part probably was for Susan Black's mother. This means the Gibsons were not half-sisters and brother to Susan Black. I had thought that perhaps Susan's mother was a sister to Jordan Gibson, which would explain the close association of the two families. However, a Black family researcher and I analyzed the families and have come to the conclusion that Susan's mother was a daughter of Jordan Gibson, probably by an earlier marriage. This means that Susan's mother, rather than Susan, was the half-sister of the three Gibsons - Roger, Rhoda, and Cynthia.

Furthermore, Lona Koltick, the Black family researcher, has corresponded with another Black family descendant who was able to prove through Bible records that Susan's brother George Gabriel Black had a daughter named Moriah Susan Winchester Black. This is fair reason to believe that Susan's mother's name was Mariah or Moriah Black and that Susan's brother George Gabriel Black had named his daughter for his mother and his only sister Susan who had married General Winchester.

Susan had come to Bledsoe's Lick, TN, in the late 1780's with her *mother and her two brothers, George Gabriel Black (m Jenny McKain in Sumner Co, dau of James McKain, b ca 1766, NC) and John Black. She stated in her widow's pension application on 3 Nov 1851 that she was then age 75. She was born sometime before Nov in the year 1776 in SC (1850 census). Susan also states in her pension application that she "was married to the said James Winchester sometime in the winter or early spring of 1792". This was probably a common-law marriage. An act of the Tennessee State Legislature in 1803 (Act XXXVI, pp 82-83) changed the names of James and Susan's first five children from Black to Winchester. Lucilius, Almira, and Napoleon's last names were changed to Winchester by another act in 1807 (Acts of Tennessee 1796-1830: W [Part 4]: Wilson - Wyrick, Tennessee State Library & Archives).

James Winchester entered the Continental Army at the beginning of the war. His military record as shown in the government Record of Officers Who Have Served in the United States Army is as follows:
Sergeant Maryland Battalion of the Flying Camp, Jul-Dec 1776
Second Lieutenant, 2nd Maryland, 20 Feb 1777
Taken prisoner at Staten Island, 22 Aug 1777
Exchanged---
First Lieutenant, 2nd Maryland, 27 May 1778
Taken prisoner at Charleston, 12 May 1780
Released 22 Dec 1780
Transferred to 3rd Maryland, 1 Jun 1781
Promoted to Captain, 9 Feb 1782
Retained in Maryland Battalion, Apr 1783
Served to 15 Nov 1785
Service during War of 1812
Family records state that he was present at the siege of Yorktown and the surrender of Cornwallis. He was an original member of the Society of Cincinnati, an organization of Continental and French officers who had served in the American Revolution. After he moved to TN he served in the Indian Wars against the Cherokees.
In 1784 James and his brother George Winchester migrated to Tennessee. The Revolutonary Pension Application filed by James' widow Susan states, " Land Warrant #2407 for 300 acres, was issued Dec 22 1796 to James Winchester, who was a Capt in the Maryland Continental line. Certificates for the commutation pay [one form of pay substituted for another] due to Capt James Winchester amounting to 2360 dollars were issued to him under date of Augst 31st 1784." James and George Winchester's names appear on the Sumner Co, TN tax list of 1787, with 668 acres. James Winchester's name appears on subsequent tax lists and by 1820 he was listed with 2,657 acres on Bledsoe Creek.
In April 1787, James sat as a member of the first County Court of Sumner Co, TN, and was appointed County Trustee in Apr 1789 (1770-1790 Census of the Cumberland Settlements, Richard C. Fulcher). He was associated with John Overton, Andrew Jackson, and others in the purchase of land where the city of Memphis now stands. In 1809 he was appointed Western Tennessee commissioner, but he refused to serve. He was in charge of the survey in 1819 which fixed the southern boundary of the state of Tennessee and was Speaker of the first Senate of the state. About 1800, James Winchester built his mansion, Cragfont, near Gallatin, TN. This home was undoubtedly one of the earliest stone houses in Tennessee. Cragfont passed from family ownership after the death of Mrs Winchester and subsequently passed through several ownerships. In 1956 it was acquired by the State of Tennessee. The house and gardens have been painstakingly restored.
On 27 March 1812, James Winchester was appointed Brigadier General in the United States Army. Charles J. Peterson, in his book Military Heroes of the War of 1812, published in 1849, states that members of Congress from his district gave him the appointment because they feared "he might be a formidable opponent in the ensuing election", against Andrew Jackson. He further states that, "Winchester, after relieving Fort Wayne, in September, moved down to the site of old Fort Defiance, where a new post was established, called Fort Winchester." Winchester and his troops left the camp in Nov and "advanced in the direction of the enemy." On 22 January 1813, Gen Winchester and his son Marcus were captured by the British army at the Battle of the River Raisin near French Town. The two were released after six weeks captivity in Quebec, Canada. On 31 March 1815, General Winchester resigned and returned to his home where he died several years later on 27 July 1826. Susan Black Winchester continued to raise her children and run the family farm. She endured the hardships of the Civil War in which her young son George served. Susan died on 7 Dec 1864 and she was buried next to her husband in the family cemetery behind Cragfont.
James and Susan Winchester's children were:

*MARIA ELIZA WINCHESTER, b 14 May 1793, Sumner Co, TN.
*MARCUS BRUTUS WINCHESTER, b 28 May 1796, Sumner Co, TN.
CYNTHIA WINCHESTER, b 1 May 1799, Sumner Co, TN, d an infant.
*SELIMA WINCHESTER, b 14 Aug 1800, Sumner Co, TN.
BETSEY CAROLINE WINCHESTER, b 1 Jan 1802, Sumner Co, TN (in the 1803 act of the TN legislature, she was called this but in the Bible record she was called Betsey Ann, and was also known as Caroline A.).
LUCILIUS WINCHESTER, b 23 Oct 1803, Sumner Co, TN.
ALMIRA WINCHESTER, b 30 Mar 1805. Sumner Co, TN.
NAPOLEON WINCHESTER, b 30 Nov 1806, Sumner Co, TN, d 18 Sep 1824.
MALVINA WINCHESTER, b 16 Mar 1809, Sumner Co, TN, twin of #33, d in infancy. The daughter of George, #14, Susan Black Winchester Scales drew a diagram of the Cragfont property in her later years. On it is a note which reads "2 graves in the garden" followed by "Gr Gr Grandmother Black" and "baby Louisa's twin under a willow tree headstone to GGG Black foot high granite".
LOUISA ORVILLE WINCHESTER, b 16 Mar 1809, Sumner Co, TN.
VALERIUS PUBLICOLA WINCHESTER, b 24 Nov 1810, Sumner Co, TN.
HELEN MARR WINCHESTER, b 1 Oct 1812, Sumner Co, TN, d 1870 at Wynnewood where she had gone to live with her sister Almira after the death of her mother and the sale of Cragfont. She never married and is said to be buried at Cragfont in the same grave as her mother.
JAMES MARTIN WINCHESTER, b 5 Feb 1816, Sumner Co, TN.
GEORGE WASHINGTON WINCHESTER, b 14 May 1822, Sumner Co, TN.



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